ABSTRACT
With the increasing maturity of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, UAVs have become an indispensable part of search and rescue activities. In this paper, the background, advantages and classification of UAVs in the field of wounded search and rescue were briefly introduced. The application scenarios and research progress of UAVs were introduced from two aspects, including wounded search and target rescue. In the wounded search process, according to the configuration difference of the UAVs configuration under the active target and the passive target, the difference of the load was analyzed. During the target rescue process, the UAV-based rescue material delivery, telemedicine assistance, and wounded evacuation were analyzed. Through the introduction of the entire search and rescue process, the development direction of UAVs in the application of wounded search and rescue was prospected.
ABSTRACT
Objective It is well known that diethylstilbestrol ( DES ) can result in testicular oxidative injury , and one of its mechanisms of action is leading to dysfunction of steroidogenesis .The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between testicular oxidative injury caused by DES and the key synthetase activities for the synthesis pathway of steroidogenesis and the possible mechanism .Methods Twenty-four 4-wk-old male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups , 6 rats each.Three doses of DES (0.1, 1.0 and 10 μg/kg· d) groups and a vehicle (corn oil) control group , were respectively administered by subcutaneous injection once a day for eight weeks .The rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks treatment and the body weight , testis, epididymis, prostate were weighed, respectively.The testicular tissues were homogenized and the oxidation of MDA and ROS , the activity changes of antioxidases SOD, CAT and GPx, as well asthe activities of steroid synthetases 3β-HSD1 and 17β-HSD3 were determined by biochemical measurement.The levels oftestosterone and LH in peripheral blood were measured by radioimmunoassay .The intensities of expression of StAR,P450scc, 3β-HSD1, 17β-HSD3-mRNA were detected by PCR.Results In the 10.0 μg/kg dose group, the weights andorgan coefficients of testis and prostate were decreased significantly , the oxidation of MDA and ROS was increased distinctlyand the activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, 3β-HSD1 and 17β-HSD3 were reduced.The concentration of serum testosterone wasdecreased in the 10.0 μg/kg dose group.In the 10.0 μg/kg and 1.0 μg/kg dose groups, the decline of LH levelpresented a dose-dependent manner, and the intensities of immunochemical positive staining for StAR , P450scc, 3β-HSD1and 17β-HSD3 mRNA were decreased.Conclusions DES exposure results in disturbance of the oxidant /antioxidantbalance and decline of testosterone level that induces reproductive impairment in male rats .DES induces reductions of bothGPx and 3β-HSD activities which cause the decrease of testosterone synthesis .The expression of P450scc and 3β-HSDmRNA,which are the key synthetases in biosynthetic pathway of steroidogenesis , are inhibited by DES, and it isspeculated that the disturbance of steroidogenic synthesis enzymes may be one of the mechanisms of toxic effects of DES .
ABSTRACT
Objective To identify the animal drug of Cervus elaphs and C. nippon from origin of deers. Methods To extract DNA from deer blood and hairy antler of 11 species of deers such as C. elaphus, C. nippon and so on, and to gain the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene fragment using the general primers of L1091 and H1478. Based on the sequence multialinement of 11 species deers above gene fragments, designing the couples of special difference primers and identifying C. elaphs and C. nippon. Results 12S rRNA Gene fragments can distinguish different deers well. The couple of primers (EP-1/H1478 and EP-2/H1478) PCR can effectively identify C. elaphus and C. nippon. Conclusion Special primer PCR is suitable for the identification of valuable Chinese medicinal materials, such as C. elaphus and C. nippon.